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About The
Technology
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
Technology
Along with Plasma, LCD (liquid crystal
display) technology represents a revolution in television design:
the truly flat TV. LCD flat-panel displays typically measure around
3" in depth, and are lightweight enough to be mounted on a wall
(although they also look mighty sleek on the artsy stands designed
to display them on tabletops). LCD is a transmissive technology (as
opposed to reflective technologies like DLP and LCOS. Its light
engine streams high-intensity white light (provided by a series of
fluorescent tubes woven behind the screen surface) through tiny
cells filled with a liquid crystal material. Each pixel has three
such cells — one each for red, green and blue components of the
signal. When an electrical charge is applied to these liquid
crystals, their molecular structure shifts, modulating the intensity
of the light that passes through to the screen. LCD TVs are
available many sizes, from 10" standard-definition models to
widescreen HDTV showpieces of 45" or more.
Strengths
LCD technology produces an exceptionally bright picture that can
easily be viewed even in very bright conditions. The images are
characterized by outstanding sharpness and detail and rich,
saturated colors. LCD TVs use relatively little electricity, run
cooler and more quietly than most plasma displays, and are
essentially immune to the "burn-in" problems that plague
CRT-projection and plasma TVs. Slim, sleek and lightweight, they can
be placed or mounted almost anywhere in the home, including places
where you might not have considered placing a TV — and, in fact, can
easily be transported from room to room (with the exception of the
largest screen sizes) for additional flexibility. And no matter
where you put them, the latest models allow uninhibited viewing from
angles as severe as 170 degrees off-axis.
Considerations
Due to its transmissive technology and the unintended leakage of
some light to the display, LCD's high brightness comes at the
expense of deep blacks; hence, its typical contrast ratio cannot
match those produced by direct-view or even DLP sets. Early
iterations of the technology had relatively slow "refresh rates,"
causing slight but noticeable blurring or smearing of fast-moving
images; however, the advent of advanced LCD variants like
active-matrix TFT panels has greatly improved performance. Likewise,
technological improvements continue to reduce the occurrence of the
"screen-door effect" caused by the distance between the pixels in an
LCD display, but it's still more apparent with LCD than with LCOS,
DLP or plasma displays.
The Bottom Line
When it comes to flat-panel TVs, the choice between LCD and plasma
is a matter of personal taste. Each has its advantages and
disadvantages, and each is relatively expensive but coming down in
price.
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